安全阀开启过程阀口流场的CFD数值模拟与试验研究_梁寒雨.pdf

I 摘 要 安全阀是锅炉压力容器、压力管道系统中使用最为广泛的一种安全装置，用以防止压力超过允许的极限值，确保系统的安全运行。它广泛用于工业生产的各行各业，对于装备系统的安全、可靠运行起着十分重大的作用。人们越来越认识到，实验研究存在着固有的不足，必须同时采用数值模拟的研究方法，以减少试验次数和深入地探究流动机理。通过对安全阀开启过程开启阶段动态仿真模拟，本文得到了很多对安全阀开启阶段流场研究具有意义的结果，例如开启阶段中压力、速度、温度等参数流场的分布。同时设置监控点压力变化，得到与现场实验对比的安全阀开启阶段曲线。通过安全阀阀芯传感器、检测法兰传感器和 VB 采集软件所组成的安全阀检测 VB采集系统为本文进行现场实验提供了数据采集平台。通过与标准传感器数据进行对比，证明了新设计的检测法兰传感器在不影响安全阀正常开启的情况下，具有较为准确的阀口数据采集功能。通过对安全阀开启过程的理论和试验研究，得到数值模拟和现场实验对比曲线，得到了一些安全阀开启阶段的新成果：1、安全阀开启过程阀口内外流场机理；2、检测法兰传感器所采集到的压力变化是和安全阀开启过程阀口压力变化是基本一致的。3、检测法兰阀口测点检测到压力为开口处压力，阀芯传感器检测到阀瓣下方的平均压力并不代表阀口处全部压力，两者存在一定的压差；通过 CFX 软件对安全阀阀口流场的数值模拟和现场试验结果对比分析，得到的结果为今后安全阀开启过程流场的理论和实际研究提供了一定的指导依据。关键词：安全阀；数值模拟；流场；实验研究 II Abstract Safety valve for industrial safety equipment,protective devices,and its role is to prevent the inner pressure of various pressure equipment to allow the pressure more than the value of the occurrence of accidents,emergencies,security equipment,long-running.It is widely used in industrial production sectors,for equipment,system security,reliability plays a very important role.There is increasing recognition,experimental study inherent deficiencies that must be numerical simulation methods to reduce test times and in-depth exploration flow mechanism.On the safety valve open phase dynamic simulation study.We get a lot of the safety valve open phase flow field in a meaningful outcome.Such as pressure,speed,temperature and other parameters distribution.At the same time setting pressure test point and obtains the safety valve opening stage curve.Valve spool sensor,flange composed of sensors and the safety valve VB acquisition software testing VB acquisition system.It provides a platform for this field of data acquisition.Sensor data by comparison with the standard data.That does not affect the safety valve in case of normal opening.The new design has the accurate detection of flange sensor data acquisition capabilities.Safety valve to open the process by theoretical and experimental research,numerical simulation and experime