机械事故的发生与防范.docx

机械事故的发生与防范机械事故的发生与防范机械设备安全贯穿于机械设备的设计、制造、运输、安装、调试、运转、维修和人员培训等各方面。在这里主要和大家分享的是机械事故的发生与防范.All aspects of the design, machinery andequipment safety throughout the machinery and equipmentmanufacturing, transportation, installation, commissioning,operation, repair and personnel training etc. Here and shareis occurrence and prevention of mechanical accident.一、机械事故发生的直接原因Direct cause of the accident, machinery1机械的不安全状态Unsafe state of 1 machine(l)防护、保险、信号等装置缺乏或有缺陷。( L ) protection, insurance, signal deviceslack or defective.无防护Without protection无防护罩，无安全保险装置，无报警装置，无安全标志，无护栏或护栏损坏，设备电气未接地，尽缘不良，噪声大，无穷位装置等。No shield, no insurance safety devices, noalarm device, no safety signs, no barrier or fence damaged,electrical equipment ungrounded, defective insulations, largenoise, infinite device etc.防护不当The improper protection防护罩未在适当位置，防护装置调整不当，安全间隔不够，电气装置带电部分裸露等。The protective cover is not in place,protective device adjusts improper, safety distance is notenough, the live parts exposed electrical apparatus.(2)设备、设施、工具、附件有缺陷。( 2 ) equipment, facilities, tools,accessories have defects.设备在非正常状态下运行，设备带“病”运转，超负荷定转等。The equipment operating in abnormal condition,equipment with disease operation, overload control etc.维修、调整不良，设备失修，保养不当，设备失灵，未加润滑油等。To repair, adjust the bad, equipment disrepair,improper maintenance, equipment failure, without lubricatingoil etc.机械强度不够，尽缘强度不够，起吊重物的绳索分歧安全要求等。The mechanical strength is not enough, as faras edge strength is not enough, a different securityrequirements of lifting heavy objects.设计不当，结构分歧安全要求，制动装置有缺陷，安全间距不够，工件上有锋利毛刺、毛边、设备上有锋利倒棱等。The improper design, structural differences inthe safety requirements, a braking device defect, safetydistance is not enough, the workpiece is sharp, sharp burr,burr chamfer, equipment.(3)个人防护用品、用具。如防护服、手套、护目镜及面罩、呼吸器官护具、安全带、安全帽、安全鞋等缺少或有缺陷。( 3 ) personal protective equipment,appliances. Such as protective clothing, gloves, goggles andmasks, respiratory equipment, safety belt, safety helmet,safety shoes missing or defective.所用防护用品